ABSTRACT
Economic and social conditions have deteriorated worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Migration theory and international organizations indicate that these increasingly fragile social conditions represent powerful incentives to migrate. Normally, studies addressing international migration and COVID-19 focus on transit and destination countries, with substantially less literature centered on origin nations. Trying to close that gap, the present article aims to identify and quantify economic determinants that explain the intention of Salvadorians to migrate abroad. Using a probabilistic sample and a logistic model, a number of renowned economic variables for migration studies were used to investigate Salvadorian's intention to emigrate. Results demonstrated a stark reduction in migration intentions in 2020. Moreover, the risk of losing one's job is by far the most prominent factor explaining the intention to migrate. Other aspects, such as employment and salaries, also showed statistically significant values. Additionally, results report women being less likely to migrate and age to have a negligible effect. The text concludes by indicating some public initiatives that could be implemented to support people who choose to act upon their intentions and embark on emigration.
ABSTRACT
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal identificar determinantes asociados a la confianza pública en el manejo de la pandemia por covid-19 en El Salvador, Centroamérica. Como forma de aproximación, se abordan los factores que influyen en la evaluación de la ciudadanía respecto a la gestión del ministro de salud Francisco Alabí y del presidente Nayib Bukele. Para la estimación de estos determinantes, se utilizó una muestra probabilistica (n=1305) y se emplearon regresiones lineales múltiples corregidas con errores estándares robustos. Los resultados muestran que tanto el ministro de salud como el presidente gozan de altos índices de confianza en el manejo de la pandemia. Específicamente, variables demográficas como género, edad, ingresos y educación;poseen efectos significativos. Asimismo, la posición ideológica se mostró como determinante. El artículo finaliza destacando dos líneas de investigación latentes: una que aborda la relación confianza pública y autoritarismo y otra centrada en la confianza y cumplimiento de medidas sanitarias.Alternate :This article aims to identify the associated determinants of public trust in the management of the covid-19 pandemic in El Salvador, Central America. As a means to approach it, the text focuses on the factors that affect people's perception on how Salvadorian Minister of Health Francisco Alabí and President Nayib Bukele managed the pandemic. To estimate those determinants, a probabilistic sample was used (n=1305) and multiple linear regressions with robust standard errors were implemented. Results show that both Minister of Health and president are assessed trustworthy when it comes to the handling of the pandemic. Specifically, demographic variables as gender, age, income and education showed statistically significant effects. Moreover, ideology also proved to be determinant. The article ends up highlighting two latent research lines: one related to public trust and authoritarianism and another one versing on trust and voluntary compliance.